
Dielectric materials are insulators and conductive materials conduct electricity. There is, in fact, a distinction between two different types of materials: dielectric and conductive. ” So, let’s examine a bit closer what this term means. If you look in most physics books, you will not see any description of a material by its “ metalness. Most people know this as the addition of a variable called “metalness”. The main difference that the PBR shading model has over other physically based shading models, such as the one used by V-Ray, is how it describes reflections. Since memory resources are at a premium in the game industry, the PBR model has inevitably become very popular and very resourceful. It requires fewer variables - and therefore texture maps - to define a material.As such, PBR shading models became very popular for real-time rendering for two basic reasons: While real-time rendering shading models were not necessarily based on real physics, other ray tracers, such as V-Ray, have always been physically based. Some have also interpreted this as meaning that other shading models are not based on real physics which is wrong.

The term “Physically Based Rendering” - or PBR - does, in itself, imply that the material definition used in PBR is based on real physics. The importance of metalness and why we’ve added the Metalness parameter to the V-Ray standard material to better support a PBR workflow in V-Ray Next.
